What the wrongful arrest cases share is not a software bug that patches can fix — it is a category error baked into how these systems get deployed. Facial recognition produces a probability, not an identification. When law enforcement treats a high-confidence match as an actionable fact, the statistical uncertainty disappears from the decision chain, and the person flagged absorbs the full cost of the system's confidence interval. Christopher Gatlin's 17 months of incarceration and Alvi Choudhury's arrest 115 miles from the crime scene are not outliers — they are…